Planning a trip across the pond to the United States requires a bit of preparation, and one of the most important aspects is understanding the costs associated with getting your travel authorisation sorted. Whether you're heading over for a holiday, a business meeting, or to visit family, knowing what you'll need to pay and which option suits your circumstances can save you both time and money. The various fees and requirements can seem a bit bewildering at first, but with a clear breakdown, you'll be able to navigate the system with confidence.
Esta: the most straightforward route for short stays
For most UK citizens planning a visit to the USA for business or pleasure, the Electronic System for Travel Authorisation, commonly known as ESTA, is the most convenient and cost-effective option. This system is part of the visa waiver programme, which allows travellers from 41 countries, including the United Kingdom and the European Union, to enter the United States for up to 90 days without needing a full visa. The ESTA is designed to streamline the process for short-term visitors, making it a popular choice for those looking to explore American cities, attend conferences, or simply enjoy a holiday.
What the ESTA Actually Costs and What's Included
The current cost of an ESTA is $21 when you apply directly through the official US Department of Homeland Security website. This fee covers the processing and authorisation of your application, allowing you to travel to the United States for tourism or business purposes. It's worth noting that this fee increased from $14 to $21 in May 2022, and another increase is on the horizon. From 30 September 2025, the ESTA fee will rise to $40. This change reflects adjustments in the system and is part of broader efforts to manage international arrivals more effectively. While the cost is going up, the ESTA remains significantly cheaper than applying for a full non-immigrant visa, making it an attractive option for those eligible.
Applying for an ESTA is a relatively straightforward process. You need to visit the official website of the US Department of Homeland Security, fill in the required information, and pay the fee. The processing time can vary, with some applications being approved almost instantly, while others may take up to 72 hours. It's always wise to apply well in advance of your travel date to avoid any last-minute stress. Although it's not always required, many travellers choose to print their ESTA confirmation for peace of mind, especially when checking in for flights or passing through customs.
How Long Your ESTA Remains Valid and When You'll Need to Renew
Once your ESTA is approved, it remains valid for two years from the date of approval or until your passport expires, whichever comes first. This means that if you plan multiple trips to the United States within that period, you won't need to reapply each time, which can be a significant saving in both time and money. However, it's important to keep track of your passport's expiry date, as an expired passport will invalidate your ESTA, requiring you to apply for a new one once you've renewed your travel document.
There are a few exceptions to the ESTA requirement. If you're driving into the United States from Mexico or Canada, you won't need an ESTA. Additionally, if your ESTA application is rejected, you'll need to apply for a non-immigrant visa instead, and you'll be charged a $4 administration fee for the rejected application. This rejection might occur for various reasons, including past immigration issues or not meeting the criteria for the visa waiver programme. In such cases, the B-2 tourist visa becomes the necessary alternative.
B-2 tourist visa: when you need more than an esta can offer
For travellers who don't qualify for the visa waiver programme or who need to stay in the United States for longer than 90 days, the B-2 tourist visa is the appropriate option. This visa is also required for those whose ESTA applications have been rejected or for individuals from countries not included in the visa waiver programme. The B-2 visa provides more flexibility in terms of duration and purpose of stay, but it comes with a significantly higher cost and a more involved application process.
Application fees and additional costs you should budget for
The application fee for a B-2 tourist visa is considerably higher than the ESTA. On top of the standard visa application fee, a new visa integrity fee of $250 is coming into effect on 1 October for travellers from countries that aren't part of the visa waiver programme. This addition will make the total cost of a US visa $442, a substantial increase that travellers need to factor into their budgets. While UK citizens typically don't face this additional fee if they're eligible for the ESTA, understanding the full cost structure is important for anyone considering their options or advising friends and family from other countries.
Beyond the application fees, there are other costs to consider. Depending on where you live, you may need to travel to a US embassy or consulate for an interview, which can involve travel expenses, accommodation, and time off work. Additionally, some applicants may need to provide supporting documents, such as proof of financial stability, travel itineraries, or letters of invitation, which could incur further costs in terms of preparation and documentation.
The Interview Process and What It Means for Your Wallet
Unlike the ESTA, which can be completed entirely online, the B-2 tourist visa application requires an in-person interview at a US embassy or consulate. This interview is a mandatory part of the process, designed to assess the applicant's intentions and ensure they meet the requirements for entry. The interview itself doesn't have a separate fee, but the associated costs can add up. Applicants need to schedule an appointment, which may involve waiting times depending on the location and time of year. During the interview, consular officers will ask questions about your travel plans, ties to your home country, and reasons for visiting the United States.
Preparation is key to a successful interview. Ensuring you have all the necessary documentation, such as a valid passport, proof of financial means, and evidence of your intention to return to the UK, can help avoid complications. If your application is denied, the fees are non-refundable, and you may need to reapply, incurring additional costs. For this reason, it's essential to carefully review the requirements and ensure your application is as strong as possible before attending the interview.
Comparing your options: which travel authorisation makes financial sense
Choosing between an ESTA and a B-2 tourist visa depends on several factors, including the length of your stay, the purpose of your visit, and your eligibility for the visa waiver programme. For most UK citizens planning a short trip to the United States, the ESTA is the clear choice due to its lower cost, faster processing time, and convenience. However, for those who need to stay longer or don't qualify for the ESTA, the B-2 visa, despite its higher cost and more complex application process, is the necessary route.
Esta versus tourist visa: a cost-benefit analysis
When comparing the two options, the financial difference is substantial. At $21 currently, and $40 from September 2025, the ESTA is far more affordable than the B-2 visa, which will cost $442 with the new integrity fee. The ESTA also offers the advantage of a two-year validity period, allowing multiple entries into the United States without the need for reapplication, provided your passport remains valid. In contrast, the B-2 visa, while more expensive, offers greater flexibility in terms of the duration and purpose of stay, making it suitable for longer visits or more complex travel plans.
It's also worth considering the processing times. An ESTA can be approved in as little as a few minutes, though it's advisable to apply at least 72 hours before your departure. The B-2 visa, on the other hand, can take several weeks or even months, depending on the embassy's schedule and the volume of applications. This longer processing time means you need to plan well in advance, which can be inconvenient for those with urgent travel needs.
Hidden Expenses and Processing Times to Factor Into Your Planning
Beyond the headline fees, there are several hidden expenses to be aware of when applying for either an ESTA or a B-2 visa. For ESTA applicants, the main concern is ensuring you apply through the official US Department of Homeland Security website, as numerous third-party sites charge significantly higher fees for the same service. These sites often appear in search results and can mislead travellers into paying more than necessary. Always verify the website address before entering your payment details.
For B-2 visa applicants, additional costs can include travel to the embassy or consulate, particularly if you live far from the nearest location. Some applicants may also need to pay for translation services if their supporting documents are not in English. Furthermore, if you need to expedite your application due to urgent travel plans, there may be additional fees, though this option is not always available. It's important to factor in these potential costs when budgeting for your trip to avoid any unpleasant surprises.
Top Tips for Avoiding Unnecessary Costs and Application Pitfalls
Navigating the application process for US travel authorisation can be tricky, and mistakes can be costly. By following a few simple tips, you can avoid common pitfalls and ensure your application goes smoothly, saving both time and money.
Common mistakes that could cost you extra money
One of the most frequent mistakes travellers make is using unofficial websites to apply for an ESTA. These third-party sites often charge inflated fees, sometimes as much as $70 or more, for a service that should cost just $21. To avoid this, always apply directly through the official US Department of Homeland Security website. Double-check the URL and look for the .gov domain to ensure you're on the legitimate site.
Another common error is failing to check the validity of your ESTA before booking flights or making travel plans. An ESTA is valid for two years or until your passport expires, whichever comes first. If your passport is due to expire within your two-year ESTA validity period, you'll need to apply for a new ESTA once you renew your passport, as the authorisation is linked to the passport number. Overlooking this detail can result in denied boarding at the airport and the need to purchase new tickets.
For B-2 visa applicants, a significant mistake is not preparing adequately for the interview. Arriving without the necessary documents, such as proof of financial stability or a clear travel itinerary, can lead to delays or even denial of the visa. Since the application fees are non-refundable, this can be a costly error. Taking the time to gather all required documents and practise answering potential interview questions can greatly increase your chances of approval.
Legitimate Resources and Where to Apply Without Getting Stung
To ensure a smooth application process, it's crucial to use legitimate resources. For ESTA applications, the only official site is the US Department of Homeland Security's website. Be wary of any site that asks for significantly more than the standard fee or claims to offer faster processing for an additional charge. The official site provides all the information you need, including guidance on filling out the form and understanding the requirements.
For B-2 visa applications, the official source is the US embassy or consulate in your country. The embassy's website will provide detailed instructions on how to apply, what documents are required, and how to schedule an interview. Avoid using third-party visa agencies unless absolutely necessary, as they often charge additional fees for services that you can complete yourself. If you do choose to use an agency, ensure they are reputable and have positive reviews from previous clients.
Staying informed about any changes to fees or requirements is also important. The recent announcement of the ESTA fee increase to $40 from September 2025 is a prime example of how costs can change over time. By keeping up to date with official announcements from the US Department of Homeland Security and the relevant embassy or consulate, you can avoid being caught off guard by unexpected expenses. Planning ahead and applying well in advance of your travel dates will give you the best chance of a smooth and cost-effective application process.
